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Mātrika metre
''Mātrika'' metre is a quantitative system of poetic metre in Indic languages.
The unit of measurement is the ''matra'' or 'beat', from which it takes its name. A short vowel or a pause is counted as one ''mātrā'', and long vowels, diphthongs, or a short vowel followed by a consonant cluster counts as two ''mātrās''. In recitation, however, 'long vowels may be pronounced as short, or short as long, in order to fit the words into the desired metre. For this reason, the ''mātrā'' count does not always correspond exactly to the written vowel arrangement.' Different ''mātrika'' metres have different rules determining caesurae; most require a specific pattern of rhyme.〔Ved Prakash Vatuk, 'Amir Khusro and Indian Riddle Tradition', ''The Journal of American Folklore'', 82 (1969), 142-54 (p. 151); DOI: 10.2307/539075; http://www.jstor.org/stable/539075.〕
The most popular of these metres in Hindi are the ''chaupāī'' (sixteen ''mātrās''), the ''chaupaī'' (fifteen ''mātrās''), and the ''dohā'' (thirteen ''mātrās'' in the first and third feet and eleven, along with end-rhyme in the second and fourth).〔Ved Prakash Vatuk, 'Amir Khusro and Indian Riddle Tradition', ''The Journal of American Folklore'', 82 (1969), 142-54 (p. 152); DOI: 10.2307/539075; http://www.jstor.org/stable/539075.〕
==See also==
* Sanskrit prosody
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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